Iran’s Political Problems from the Viewpoint of Female Travelers in the Nasseri Era
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17162/au.v11i1.573Keywords:
Iran, Nasseri Era, Qajar Era, women travelers, politics, Iranian history.Abstract
The objective of this study was to analize the Iran’s Political Problems from the Viewpoint of Female Travelers in the Nasseri Era. Refering to the methodology: this research has been done by descriptive method and by studying written and historical works. Researchers have extracted material by examining historical books, articles and writings. In this study, we have tried to collect and sort out the problems of passengers. Results show that during Qajar Era, due to the strategic position of Iran and the Persian Gulf, this region was of particular interest to the superior international powers; therefore, travelers, statesmen, ambassadors, and merchants from many different European and non-European countries traveled to Iran. In these foreign delegations and political groups, there were also female figures, including Lady Sheil, Jane Dieulafoy, Gertrude Bell, Madame Wolfson, Isabella Bird Bishop and Carla Serena. Some of these women came to Iran as members of political delegations and some for tourism or economic purposes. Regarding their status and position, they provided Qajar officials with reports in which they addressed Iran's political problems, such as the government's failure in managing public health and justice, dealing with insecurity, widespread economic corruption among statesmen and other authorities of Qajar government, oppressions, and the like. According to the results, it can be said that most of these problems are related to the internal structure of Iran as well as the culture of Iranians and some customs of that time.Downloads
References
Bell, G. (1984). Persian Pictures. Tehran, Iran: Kharazmi publisher.
Bishop, I. B. (1996). Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan. Tehran, Iran: Sahand publisher.
Delavar, A. (2017). Theoretical and practical foundations of research in humanities and social sciences. Sixth edition. Tehran, Iran: Roshd Publications, new edition.
Dieulafoy, J. (1982). La Perse, la Chaldée et la Susiane. Tehran, Irán: Khayam publisher.
Dieulafoy, J. (1990). La Perse, la Chaldée et la Susiane. Tehran, Irán: University of Tehran press.
Gobineau, J. A. (1988). Trois ans en Asie. Tehran, Irán: Nashrenow publisher.
Gouldm, J. (2016). A Dictionary of the Social Sciences. Tehran, Irán: Maziar publisher.
Kasra, N. (2017). Women in the Qajar in Politics. Tehran, Irán: Negah Publisher, new edition.
Naderi, A., Saif Naraqi, M. (2018). Research methods and how to evaluate it in the humanities (with up to one on educational sciences). nineteen edition. Tehran, Irán: Arasbaran Publishing.
Najmi, N. (2012). Tehran Nasser era. Tehran, Irán: Attar Publisher.
Serena, C. (1983). Hommes et Choses en Perse. Tehran, Irán: Nashrenow publisher.
Serena, C. (1984). Hommes et Choses en Perse. Tehran, Irán: Nashrenow publisher.
Shamim, A. (2017). Iran During the Qajar Reign; the 13th Century and the First Half of 14th Century. Tehran, Iran: Zaryab publisher.
Sheibani, J. (2016). European trip to Iran. translated by Seyyed Zia-ud-Din Dehshiri, Tehran, Iran: Scientific and cultural Publication.
Sheil, A. L. (1983). Glimpses of life and manners in Persia. Tehran, Iran: Ketabsara publisher.
Sykes, P. (2015). Ten Thousand Miles in Persia: Or, Eight Years in Irán. Tehran, Iran: Donyaye ketab publisher.
Wolfson, A. S. (1930). Iranians in the past and Present. Tehran, Iran: Bina publisher.
Zahid, S., and Khajehnuri, M. (2018) Women's Movement in Iran. Shiraz, Iran: King Suleiman publisher.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Seyed Mohiedin Khalkhali, Mohammad Kalhor
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- The authors retain their copyright but assign to the journal the right of the first publication, with the work registered under the Creative Commons attribution license, which allows third parties to use the published information as long as they mention the authorship of the work and that it was first published in this journal.
- Authors may make other independent or additional contractual arrangements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this journal (eg, include it in an institutional repository or publish it in a book) as long as it clearly indicates that the work was first published in this journal.
- Authors are encouraged and advised to publish their work on the Internet (for example, on institutional or personal pages) before and during the review and publication process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and a greater and faster dissemination of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).